Atoms and Molecules
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What is the specific difference between atoms and molecules?
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Atom is defined as the smallest particle of an element that does not exist freely in nature but takes part directly in chemical combinations.
A molecule is made of atoms bonded together which exist freely in nature but does not participate directly in chemical combinations -
The molecule of any substance is represented by its molecular formula. For example, the oxygen molecule is represented by O2.
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You're absolutely right that there is no meaningful way to classify an individual atom as a solid, liquid, or gas, as these terms are based on interactions between atoms or molecules.